Tariki 6 Gicurasi 1994: U Rwanda rwasabye u Bufaransa inkunga y'intwaro

Inkunga ya gisirikari Ubufaransa bwahaga Leta ya Sindikubwabo na Kambanda yakoreshwaga mu kurimbura Abatutsi yarakomeje, Akanama gashinzwe amajoro ku isi kihunza inshingano zako zo gutabara mu Rwanda, ariko Umuryango utabara imbabare ku isi ugaragariza amahanga uruhare rwayo mu gutererana Urwanda no gukwirakwiza ibinyoma kuri Jenoside.

1. Intumwa za gisilikare z’u Rwanda zakiriwe n’abayobozi bakuru mu ngabo z’Ubufaransa bagirana ibiganiro birebana no guhabwa intwaro.

Uwari ahagarariye Inyungu za gisirikari muri ambasade y’Urwanda mu Bufaransa i Paris, Colonel Sébastien Ntahobari, yakiriwe kenshi i Paris na Jenerali Jean Pierre Huchon wari ushinzwe ubutwererane mu bya gisirikari hamwe na Colonel Dominique Delort, bagirana ibiganiro ku bijyanye n’ubufasha mu bya gisilikare. 

Lt colonel Cyprien Kayumba, wari ushinzwe ibikoresho bya gisirikari muri minisiteri y’ingabo z’u Rwanda nawe yagiye i Paris inshuro 2, mu mpera z’ukwezi kwa  mata 1994, na nyuma y’aho aje gukurikirana intwaro Ubufaransa bwari bwemereye guha u Rwanda. 

Ibyo byose byabaga hirengagijwe ko mu bwicanyi  bwakorerwaga Abatutsi guhera tariki ya 7 mata 1994, abasirikari ba Leta y’uRwanda aribo babimburiraga Interahamwe  mu bitero byagabwaga aho Abatutsi babaga bahungiye mu mashuri, ibitaro, kiliziya no mu zindi nyubako za Leta. Abasirikari bakoreshaga grenades, n’imbunda n’amasasu, nyuma Interahamwe zikaza gusoza ubwo bwicanyi zikoresheje intwaro gakondo harimo impiri n’imipanga.

Minisiteri y’Ubutwererane y’Ubufransa yayoborwaga na Michel Roussin niyo yari ishinzwe gushaka no gushyikiriza inkunga Leta y’abicanyi. 

Jenerali Huchon na Jenerali Quesnot nibo bakurikiraniraga hafi inkunga ya gisirikari yahabwaga Urwanda, byose bigakorwa ku cyemezo cya perezida Mitterrand.

Bamwe mu bategetsi b’Ubufaransa bavuze ko ngo “batari bazi ko ubwicanyi bwakorerwaga Abatutsi butari Jenoside”. 

Aha ni ukubeshya kuko Abafaransa bari bazi kuva tariki ya 7 Mata 1994 ko mu Rwanda hakorwaga Jenoside ariko bakayihakana. Ibi general Christian Quesnot yabyemereye imbere ya komisiyo y’inteko y’Abafaransa, (Mission d’information parlementaire), avuga ko “guhera taraiki ya 6 Mata 1994, nyuma y’urupfu rwa Habyarimana, ikibazo cy’Urwanda cyakurikiriwe hafi n’abashinzwe igisirikari na politiki mu Bufaransa kandi ko byagaragraga ko ubwicanyi bwakorwaga  ntaho bwari buhuriye n’ubundi  bwakozwe mbere”. 

Biragaragara ko Jenerali Quesnot yari azi neza ko ubwicanyi bwakorwaga bwari Jenoside.

Mitterrand, Hubert Vedrine na Alain Juppe bavugaga ko ubwicanyi bwakorerwaga Abatutsi mu Rwanda ari intambara y’amoko, ko amako yombi yicanaga. Ibi byavuzwe na Alain Juppe, tariki ya 28 Mata 1994, agira ati, “intambara n’ubwicanyi birakomeje muri icyo gihugu cyajahajwe n’intambara y’amoko”.  

Inshuro nyinshi perezida Mitterrand yanze kwamagana Jenoside yakorerwaga Abatutsi avugako mu Rwanda buri wese yaricaga (« tout le monde tue tout le monde »).

Uretse inkunga yahabwaga Leta y’abicanyi, Ubufaransa bwakomeje guha inkunga umuryango wa Habyarimana, harimo umugore we Agathe Kanziga wari mu bateguye akanayishyira mu bikorwa. 

2. Leta y’abicanyi yakomeje kwica no gukangurira Interahamwe kwihutisha ubwicanyi

Minisitiri w’intebe Jean Kambanda yavugiye kuri Radio Rwanda ashishikariza Interahamwe kwica cyane. “ Dufite abagabo, amasasu, Leta ishyize hamwe, ingabo zishyize hamwe kandi tugomba gutsinda. Buri wese agomba gufata intwaro kandi kugira intwaro zihagije ni kimwe mu byo Leta ishyizeho umutima kabone n’iyo ibindi byose bituruka mu mahanga byahagarara. 

Kuri iyi tariki, Radio Rwanda yashyizemo ijambo ryose Kambanda yari yavugiye ku Kibuye tariki 3 gicurasi 1994 asaba ko Jenoside yihutishwa hose mu gihugu no ku Kibuye by’umwihariko. Iryo jambo ryongeye kunyuzwa kuri Radio Rwanda ku wa 09 gicurasi 1994, bikaba byerekana uburemere bw’ubutumwa bwari bukubiyemo mu kwihutisha Jenoside.

3. Akanama gashinzwe amahoro ku isi kiyambuye inshingano zako zo kubungabunga amahoro ku isi no gutabara igihe Leta y’abicanyi yakoraga Jenoside

Tariki ya 6/5/1994 ibihugu bidafite icyacaro gihoraho, Spain, New Zeland, Argentina, Czech Republic batanze umushinga wo guha ingufu za gisirikari mu Rwanda. Bimwe mu bihugu bifite icyicaro gihoraho mu Kanama gashinzwe amahoro ku isi byarabyanze ahubwo hatangwa igitekerezo ko ibibazo by’Urwanda bigomba gusuzumwa n’Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’Afurika (OUA). Umunyamabanga Mukuru w’Umuryango w’Abibumbye, Boutros-Boutros Ghali yandikiye perezida wa Egypt Hosni Mubarak wagombaga kuba perezida w’uwo muryango. Mubarak yandikiye Umunyamabanga mukuru wa OUA, Salim Salim  amusaba ko ibihugu byo ku mugabane w’Afurika byashaka ingabo zakoherezwa mu Rwanda. Salim Salim yasubije perezida Mubarak ko Afurika itashobora guhangana n’icyo kibazo kubera ubwicanyi bwakorerwaga mu Rwanda, ko Umuryango w’Abibumbye ariwo ufite ububasha bwo gukoresha ingufu za politiki no gushaka inkunga ikenewe kugira ngo hagire igikorwa mu Rwanda.

Yongeraho ko igihe cyose ibibazo nk’ibi byabayeho aribwo buryo bwakoreshejwe mu kubikemura.

4. Umuryango utabara imbabare ku isi (CICR) wanenze imyitwarire y’amahanga yatereranye Urwanda, ifata icyemezo cyo kugoboka impunzi aho byari bigishoboka

Mu cyumweru cya mbere cy’ukwezi kwa gatanu, abakozi b’Umuryango utabara imbabare bari mu duce twa Kigali, Byumba, Gisenyi, Kabgayi na Kibungo bagerageza kwita ku nkomere n’abarwayi bari bugarijwe n’Interahamwe n’abasirikari.

Uwayoboraga uwo muryango Cornelio Sommaruga yavuganye na Philippe Gaillard wari uwuhagarariye mu Rwanda. Yasohoye inyandiko muri International Herald Tribune yamagana ibinyamakuru na Leta zitavugaga ku bwicanyi bwakorerwaga Abatutsi, ko ibihugu byose byari bibifitemo uruhare.

Gaillard yohereje inkunga yagombaga guhabwa impunzi zigera kuri 30,000 zari zarahunze ubwicanyi muri Gitarama, bakaba bari bakikijwe n’Interahamwe zashakaga kubica. Impunzi zahawe ubufasha bw’ibanze. Interahamwe zakomeje gufata bamwe mu mpunzi bakabica, bagafata n’abagore ku ngufu.  

Mu ntangiriro z‘ukwezi kwa gatanu 1994 Abatutsi bakomeje kwicwa, mu duce twari tukiri mu maboko y’ingabo z’abicanyi. Izo ngabo zakomeje guterwa inkunga na Leta y’Ubufaransa, kandi yari izi neza ko mu Rwanda hakorwaga Jenoside. Iyo nkunga yahabwaga igisirikaricy’abicanyi yihutishije Jenoside, bituma hamwe na hamwe hicwa n’abari kurokoka.

Dr Bizimana Jean Damascene

Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa

Komisiyo y’Igihugu yo Kurwanya Jenoside